Why I Am A Public School - 922 Words

When I first got out of the car I was petrified. Fear started to take over me in every inch of my body. I had entered public school with fear on one hand and anxiety on the other. There was no way out of this nightmare. Saying it was a nightmare would be an understatement. I was going into the tenth grade; to me, personally, it was like a whole other realm. I felt powerless. I didn’t know how it would be like, considering I have never attended a public school before. For about eight years I attended a private school, IFS, about thirty minutes away from home. It was like home to me, â€Å"our second home†, my friends and I would say. I always used to imagine what it would be like if I were to go to a public school but I never thought it would†¦show more content†¦Of course, changing schools and everything, I became the quietest person I ever knew. Not a word would come out of me unless I was asked to speak. This one day, though, I acted up a little trying to be funny. Ms.Hanson did not like it at all let me tell you. Every day, I would be the last one to enter class and you best believe I was the first one out of it. Without a care if there was anything important being said. For three years I contemplated homeschooling or going back to my â€Å"second home† but it was far too difficult. It wasn’t too long before someone had made a racist remark to me. It was my first day there, actually. Above the crowded, noisy, congested hallways soared the words â€Å"Yo, what’s up terrorist!?† from some jock by the lockers. I didn’t bother turning around. What a great start to my first day, huh? Second day of school was nothing new. While walking in the hallway, someone from behind me whispered â€Å"don’t bomb, don’t bomb.† I didn’t bother turning around the first time and I definitely didn’t bother turning around this time which was a mistake on my part. I wasn’t surprised; people looked at my headscarf before they looked at me. Th inking back at it, I have no idea why I didn’t stand up for myself sometimes. I guess I was just afraid. People say high school is supposed to be one of the best times of your life; complete and utter garbage that was. I was so happy when I finally graduated last June. When they called my name there was no

The Woman’s Christian Temperance Union and the Creation...

The Woman’s Christian Temperance Union and the Creation of a Politicized Female Reform Culture In 1879, a group of evangelical churchwomen, all members of the Illinois Woman’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), presented to their state legislature a massive petition asking that Illinois women be granted the right to vote. The architect of this ambitious petition campaign, which resulted in 180,000 signatures of support, was Frances Willard, then president of the Illinois WCTU. In using her position as a prominent WCTU leader to agitate for enfranchisement of women, Willard went against the express commands of the National WCTU and its president, Annie Wittenmeyer, who had made clear only one year earlier that the WCTU would not†¦show more content†¦Difficult because, as the early suffrage battles indicated, the membership was as varied as it was large. Many WCTU chapters—especially those in small towns and those in the South—were narrowly focused gospel temperance societies. Using moral suasion (e.g., affecting change through religion and educ ation rather than through politics), these chapters concentrated on ending the sale and manufacture of alcohol at the local level. But other WCTUs—especially those in the North and in urban areas—were highly politicized organizations committed to wide-spread societal reform. WCTU leaders needed to build a national organization that made space for both these extremes. Between 1874 and 1879, the NWCTU was led by Annie Wittenmyer, an ex-Civil War nurse and a staunch anti-suffragist. During her presidency, WCTU women were encouraged to hold prayer meetings, organize and educate children about the dangers of alcohol, circulate temperance pledges, do â€Å"home missionary† work among the poor and supposedly intemperate, and make their own homes more attractive in order to counteract the lure of the saloon. Although Wittenmyer voiced the belief that â€Å"the world will halt or move in its onward march towards millennial glory, as we [women] halt or march,† she nonetheless cautioned women to be â€Å"thoughtful and prayerful† asShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesPublic Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political

Kafka’s The Metamorphosis Free Essays

Many literary critics were both awed and puzzled with Franz Kafka’s brilliantly written yet absurd, and often, grossly surreal form of writing. Die Verwandlung or The Metamorphosis is Kafka’s longest work, almost resembling a novel, and is also one of the most acclaimed. From the story of Gregor, who woke up one morning to find himself transformed into an insect (beetle), the readers can slowly see the exploration of an individual’s existence and the pain he experiences due to physical isolation and other people’s indifference. We will write a custom essay sample on Kafka’s The Metamorphosis or any similar topic only for you Order Now Using a purely psychological outlook, it is easy to view The Metamorphosis as a mirror of Kafka’s own demons–for every artist is said to impart a portion of his self into his works. Thus, The Metamorphosis may be Kafka’s own struggle with his past and present, a personal process that gradually made its way to the writer’s conscious writings and developed into a nightmarish plot about the life of Gregor Samza who curiously transmuted into a physically hideous creature. This is why Kafka stands to gain the empathy and compassion of viewers when the story is told from the standpoint of Gregor. First, Kafka is a struggling writer early on in his life. He lived his life in emotional dependence on his parents. There were mixed feelings of love and hate   and though he longed to marry, he considered   sex as dirty. By choosing Gregor as the main character who experiences the transformation, he elicits the empathy of readers even as he performs a lackluster life.(Franz Kafka. 1883-1924). In the story, Gregor Samza is the pillar that supports his family. He is a fairly successful salesman and earns enough to pay off his father’s debt and bring food on the table. He is the one who strives hard for the family’s upkeep. When the tragedy happens to him and not to any member of the family, then, the repercussions are greater. The pillar of their family is suddenly gone and they have to strive to go about their daily lives without his help. In fact, they have to bear the burden of seeing a horrible creature in their house and then to think that the creature is Gregor, back to pretending that their lives are normal, nevertheless. Second, Kafka had no intention of publishing any of his works.   He actually wanted it destroyed. It was his friend Max Brod who pursued its publication. Thus, Kafka, actually had all the liberty to create Gregor as the target of all his frustrations and dependency feelings. He gained all the outlet to release these emotions and then destroy it in the end. It gave a vicarious feeling of relief to him. (Franz Kafka. 1883-1924). Lastly, Kafka felt a certain kind of weakness despite the rebellion he showed. Creating Gregor as the brunt of all his impotence gave an apt target for the same kind of impotence that Gregor had to be imbued with. .(Franz Kafka. 1883-1924). We find reasons for Kafka’s way of telling the story because Kafka never worked as a traveling salesman nor even experienced acting as a primary financier for his family. Yet a parallelism can be seen between the two men, both before and after Gregor’s transformation. Gregor knows his father’s ruthless temper, and with respect for the old man intermingles fear. There are scenes in the story where the older Samsa demonstrates this merciless attitude towards his son because of the latter’s repugnant appearance. Mr. Samsa cruelly shoves Gregor into his room using a walking cane, and during a stressful encounter, pelts him with apples wherein an apple lodges into his insect back and begins to rot (Kafka 37-38). Nevertheless, it was through Gregor that Kafka was able to show how goodness permeates in everyone, but only when instances are happy and perfect. When things turn to worst, individuals resort to a coping strategy that alienates the ugly and the useless. Putting Gregor as the member of the family that is transformed into an insect gives us a glimpse of how Kafka may have felt at times in his life. Apart from the refined and healthy appearance, Kafka was depressed most of the time. It was known that he suffered from migraine, constipation, and boils, which are all products of pent-up stress and unhealthy emotions common to those with troubled pasts   (â€Å"Franz Kafka†). No wonder that the bizarre dominated his form of expression, probably as a form of a release from the rigid normality that imprisons individuals into normalness. In fact, there is no other way of invoking from the readers such strong feelings akin to the emotions of the writer than by using frightful and graphic images resembling man’s outlandish nightmares.   Then again, Kafka never wanted some of his works published for the entire world to read. Writing is sacred for Kafka, and a refuge from a seemingly menacing and indifferent world (Franz Kafka. Books and Writers). Gregor’s transformation into a beetle is parallel to Kafka’s acquiring of tuberculosis. The physical degradation means the collapse of a person’s once important status and the revulsion of others. At first, loved ones react with grief whilst trying to be considerate to the afflicted one. In the long run, however, those with debilitating weaknesses are soon scorned. This long-time fear of being weak and being segregated translated into writing, while Kafka tried his best to look normal even when recuperating. Kafka’s tuberculosis purportedly affected his writings in such a way that his stories show â€Å"fear of physical and mental collapse,† which was of course also seen in The Metamorphosis (Franz Kafka). Further, the nightmarish plots pertain to â€Å"dehumanization† as exemplified with Samsa’s metamorphosis into an insect. Even more frightening is the effect of this dehumanization, wherein everything beautiful, even Grete’s kind-heartedness, comes to its fearful end. For some readers, The Metamorphosis is allegorical. Reading the story makes one constantly hope for a totally different conclusion, or if not, for some figurative message hidden behind the lines. Yet what happened in the story is totally literal and blunt: Gregor died as a beetle, his death comes silently in the night. It is devoid of any melodrama or of any dramatic revelations, so that the whole meaning or essence of the story is left for the readers to figure out. Kafka’s literature, The Metamorphosis included, have since served as windows into the late writer’s own life and soul: his experiences, fears and tribulations. His works are full of the complexities that are deemed as representative of the human existence, and most importantly, complexities that endlessly haunted the author until his end. Kafka stands to be redeemed of his supposedly ordinary existence, even if temporary, in the way he depicted Gregor. All the angst that Kafka experienced in his life poured out on Gregor who had to bear the brunt of his disappointments. He made Gregor useless by transforming him into a hideous insect in order to assuage his own uselessness.   It had to be Gregor because he was the breadwinner. When Gregor dies in the end, the impact is great because as Kafka writes it, that there is a heavy weight lifted from the spirit of the family and their mourning is short. The story ends with the whole family driving into the countryside and their parents’ thoughts wondering about how to find a husband for Grete. There is a great sadness in the way Kafka decides to end his story because Gregor is not missed at all, but instead, his parents just try to find ways of looking for a possible husband for Grete—a replacement for Gregor who was their breadwinner. In the final analysis, Kafka succeeds in getting the sympathy of readers as he wove his story until Gregor’s death. Works Cited Kafka, Franz. Appelbaum, Stanley (trans.). The Metamorphosis and Other Stories. New York: Dover. 1996. â€Å"Franz Kafka.† In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 7 Dec 2006. Retrieved Feb. 1, 2007 at: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Franz_Kafkaoldid=92749510 â€Å"Franz Kafka.† Books and Writers. 2002. Retrieved Feb. 1, 2007 at: â€Å"Franz Kafka. (1883-1924).† Retrieved Feb. 1, 2007 at: http://www.levity.com/corduroy/kafka.htm How to cite Kafka’s The Metamorphosis, Essay examples

Centrifugal Force Essay Sample free essay sample

Centrifugal force ( from Latin centrum. intending â€Å"center† . and fugere. intending â€Å"to flee† ) is the evident outward force that draws a revolving organic structure off from the centre of rotary motion. It is caused by the inactiveness of the organic structure as the body’s way is continually redirected. In Newtonian mechanics. the term centrifugal force is used to mention to one of two distinguishable constructs: an inertial force ( besides called a â€Å"fictitious† force ) observed in a non-inertial mention frame. and a reaction force matching to a centripetal force. The term is besides sometimes used in Lagrangian mechanics to depict certain footings in the generalised force that depend on the pick of generalised co-ordinates. The construct of centrifugal force is applied in revolving devices such as extractors. centrifugal pumps. centrifugal governors. centrifugal clasps. etc. . every bit good as in centrifugal railroads. planetal orbits. banked curves. etc. These devices and state of affairss can be analyzed either in footings of the fabricated force in the revolving co-ordinate system of the gesture relation to a centre. or in footings of the centripetal and reactive centrifugal forces seen from a non-rotating frame of mention ; these different forces are equal in magnitude. but centrifugal and reactive centrifugal forces are opposite in way to the centripetal force. History of constructs of centrifugal and centripetal forces The construct of centrifugal force has evolved since the clip of Huygens. Newton. Leibniz. and Hooke who expressed early constructs of it. Its modern construct as a fabricated force originating in a rotating mention frame evolved in the eighteenth and 19th centuries Centrifugal force has besides played a function in arguments in classical mechanics about sensing of absolute gesture. Newton suggested two statements to reply the inquiry of whether absolute rotary motion can be detected: the revolving pail statement. and the rotating spheres statement. Harmonizing to Newton. in each scenario the centrifugal force would be observed in the object’s local frame ( the frame where the object is stationary ) merely if the frame were revolving with regard to absolute infinite. About two centuries subsequently. Mach’s rule was proposed where. alternatively of absolute rotary motion. the gesture of the distant stars relative to the local inertial frame gives rise through some ( conjectural ) physical jurisprudence to the centrifugal force and other inactiveness effects. Today’s position is based upon the thought of an inertial frame of mention. which privileges perceivers for which the Torahs of natural philosophies take on their simple st signifier. and in peculiar. frames that do non utilize centrifugal forces in their equations of gesture in order to depict gestures right. The analogy between centrifugal force ( sometimes used to make unreal gravitation ) and gravitative forces led to the equality rule of general relativity. Fabricated centrifugal force Centrifugal force is frequently confused with centripetal force. Centrifugal force is most normally introduced as an outward force apparent in a rotating frame of mention. It is evident ( fabricated ) in the sense that it is non portion of an interaction but is a consequence of rotary motion – with no reaction-force opposite number. This type of force is associated with depicting gesture in a non-inertial mention frame. and referred to as a fabricated or inertial force ( a description that must be understood as a proficient use of these words that means merely that the force is non present in a stationary or inertial frame ) There are three contexts in which the construct of fabricated centrifugal force arises when depicting gesture utilizing classical mechanics: In the first context. the gesture is described comparative to a revolving mention frame about a fixed axis at the beginning of the co-ordinate system. For observations made in the rotating frame. all objects appear to be under the influence of a radially outward force that is relative to the distance from the axis of rotary motion and to the square of the rate of rotary motion ( angular speed ) of the frame. The 2nd context is similar. and describes the gesture utilizing an accelerated local mention frame attached to a traveling organic structure. for illustration. the frame of riders in a auto as it rounds a corner. In this instance. rotary motion is once more involved. this clip about the centre of curvature of the way of the traveling organic structure. In both these contexts. the centrifugal force is zero when the rate of rotary motion of the mention frame is zero. independent of the gestures of objects in the frame. The 3rd context arises in Lagrangian mechanics. and refers to a subset of generalised forces that frequently are non tantamount to the vector forces of Newtonian mechanics. The generalised forces are called â€Å"generalized centrifugal forces† in this context ( the word generalized is sometimes forgotten ) . They are related to the square of the rate of alteration of generalised co-ordinates ( for illustration. polar co-ordinates. used in the Lagrangian preparation of mechanics. This subject is explored in more item below. If objects are seen as traveling from a rotating frame. this motion consequences in another fabricated force. the Coriolis force ; and if the rate of rotary motion of the frame is altering. a 3rd fabricated force. the Euler force is experienced. Together. these three fabricated forces are necessary for the preparation of right equations of gesture in a rotating mention frame. Reactive centrifugal force A reactive centrifugal force is the reaction force to a centripetal force. A mass undergoing curved gesture. such as round gesture. invariably accelerates toward the axis of rotary motion. This centripetal acceleration is provided by a centripetal force. which is exerted on the mass by some other object. In conformity with Newton’s Third Law of Motion. the mass exerts an equal and opposite force on the object. This is the reactive centrifugal force. It is directed off from the centre of rotary motion. and is exerted by the revolving mass on the object that originates the centripetal acceleration. This construct of centrifugal force is really different from the fabricated force. As they both are given the same name. they may be easy conflated. Whereas the ‘fictitious force’ Acts of the Apostless on the organic structure traveling in a round way. the ‘reactive force’ is exerted by the organic structure traveling in a round way onto some other object. The former is utile in analysing the gesture of the organic structure in a rotating mention frame ; the latter is utile for happening forces on other objects. in an inertial frame. This reaction force is sometimes described as a centrifugal inertial reaction. that is. a force that is centrifugally directed. which is a reactive force equal and opposite to the centripetal force that is swerving the way of the mass. The construct of the reactive centrifugal force is sometimes used in mechanics and technology. It is sometimes referred to as merely centrifugal force instead than as reactive centrifugal force. ExampleFree organic structure diagram demoing the forces on a ball and a twine maintaining it in round gesture. Left: inertial frame where the ball is seen to revolve. Right: co-rotating frame where the ball appears stationary. All the forces have the same magnitude. but their waies may be opposite. The belongingss of the two forces in the above Table are illustrated by an illustration shown in the figure. The figure shows a ball in round gesture. tied to a station by a twine. The station is fixed in the land. and the twine is considered excessively light-weight to impact the forces. The figure is an illustration of a free organic structure diagram. an â€Å"exploded† technology word picture of the different parts with the forces on each shown individually. The forces in the inertial frame where the ball is seen to travel are shown in the left column. the co-rotating frame where the ball appears non to travel is shown in the right column. The halfway image of the inertial frame ( left ) shows the ball rotating. This round gesture departs from a consecutive line because the ball is capable to the centripetal radially inward force provided by the twine tenseness. As described in the article unvarying round gesture. in the instance where the velocity of the ball is changeless. the centripetal acceleration is: with a the acceleration. v the changeless velocity. and r the radius of the way. The force is. of class. this acceleration multiplied by the mass of the ball. The halfway image of the co-rotating frame ( right ) shows the ball sitting still in a rotating frame of mention. The force on the ball due to the tenseness in the twine is balanced by the centrifugal force introduced by the rotary motion of the co-rotating frame. so when the centrifugal force is included in Newton’s Torahs of gesture there is zero net force upon the ball. The visual aspect of a centrifugal force in this non-inertial frame is indicated in the Table. and its belongingss agree with those in the Table. The lower figures show the forces upon the twine. which are the same in both frames: the two terminals of the twine are capable to equal but oppositely directed forces. At the terminal of the twine attached to the ball. the force is the reactive centrifugal force. the outward force exerted by the ball upon the twine in reaction to the force exerted upon the ball by the tenseness in the twine. as predicted by Newton’s â€Å"action and reaction† 3rd jurisprudence of gesture. As indicated in the Table. this force appears in all frames of mention. and its belongingss agree with those listed in the Table. This force is transmitted to the centre station. where the twine pulls upon the station. At the post-end of the twine. the station reacts to the pull by the twine and exerts an inward directed force upon the twine. labeled station reaction. The force upon the twine exerted by the station balances the outward reactive centrifugal force at the other terminal. ensuing in zeronet force upon the twine. However. the two forces drawing opposite terminals of the twine in opposite waies place the twine under tenseness. Detection of the non-zero tenseness in the twine alerts the perceivers in the co-rotating frame that they are in fact rotating. and the ball merely appears to be stationary because they are turning with it. This observation was used by Newton in his revolving spheresdiscussion of ways to observe absolute rotary motion. Use of the term in Lagrangian mechanics See besides: Lagrangian and Mechanicss of planar atom gesture Lagrangian mechanics formulates mechanics in footings of generalized co-ordinates { qk } . which can be every bit simple as the usual polar co-ordinates [ pic ] or a much more extended list of variables. [ 19 ] [ 20 ] Within this preparation the gesture is described in footings of generalised forces. utilizing in topographic point of Newton’s Torahs the Euler–Lagrange equations. Among the generalised forces. those affecting the square of the clip derived functions { ( dqk ? dt ) 2 } are sometimes called centrifugal forces. The Lagrangian attack to polar co-ordinates that dainties [ pic ] as generalized co-ordinates. [ pic ] as generalised speeds and [ pic ] as generalised accelerations. is outlined in another article. and found in many beginnings. For the peculiar instance of single-body gesture found utilizing the generalised co-ordinates [ movie ] in a cardinal force. the Euler–Lagrange equations are the same equations found utilizing Newton’s 2nd jurisprudence in a co-rotating frame. For illustration. the radial equation is: where [ movie ] is the cardinal force potency and ? is the mass of the object. The left side is a â€Å"generalized force† and the first term on the right is the â€Å"generalized centrifugal force† . However. the left side is non comparable to a Newtonian force. as it does non incorporate the complete acceleration. and similarly. hence. the footings on the right-hand side are â€Å"generalized forces† and can non be interpreted as Newtonian fo rces. The Lagrangian centrifugal force is derivedwithout expressed usage of a revolving frame of mention. but in the instance of gesture in a cardinal potency the consequence is the same as the fabricated centrifugal force derived in a co-rotating frame The Lagrangian usage of â€Å"centrifugal force† in other. more general instances. nevertheless. has merely a limited connexion to the Newtonian definition.

Heathrow airport

Modern business strategies are considering the effects of internal processes on stakeholders as a strategy to create and maintain health business relationships.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Heathrow Airport specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Business stakeholders include shareholders, customers, governments, and internal customers; their needs and expectations are paramount when developing business processes (Weiss, 2008). Heathrow airport is a London based international airport that connects over180 destinations in more than 90 countries; it offers departure services, arrival services and inter-fright connection services, the airport is managed by BAA. Stakeholder theory is management tool that looks into how ethical businesses are conducted in a certain industry or company; the theory advocates for mutual benefit of an organization and stakeholders through the impact that business processes have on social, ec onomic and environmental attributes of life (Sassower,1988). This report analyzes how travelers, as stakeholders, are affected by Heathrow airport; it will use stakeholder’s theory for the analysis. Heathrow airport Heathrow airport is operated by BAA, according to 2010, airports review, the airport was ranked as the fourth busiest airport in the world and the busiest in United Kingdom in terms of passage and cargo volume. On average, the airports received 67Â  million passengers, with 11% traveling to UK destinations, 46% are long-haul and the rest are in short-haul international travelling (Heathrow airport Official Website, 2011). Discussion BAA is committed to understand and look into all spheres of customers that use the airports, they have facilities that enable the old, the disabled and other passengers to have a pleasant environment or stay in the airport. The airports policies respect Disability Discrimination Act (DDA); it has enacted appropriate measures to ensure that its services are continually improved to meet the needs of such people with special needs. The information is contained in it accessibility report and the management aims at improving the approach further. When a customer is in the airport, there are some guiding posts and signs that are aimed at guiding the customer to the destination; this happens at the time of departure and when arriving. The airport management has adopted the spirit of freelance organizational culture that ensures that every employee within the compound can be trusted to guide a passenger effectively. The company has five terminals each named effectively to direct a customer effectively. Under the stakeholders theory a firm addresses investors, employees, suppliers, and customers needs, the airport in recognition of the theory has enacted environmental conservational measures that facilitate good cooperation with stakeholders. As far as travelers are concerned, in the efforts of offering adequate and reli able information for decision making, the company has 24hou online chatting and checking system which travelers can use; incase there is a change in-flight schedules, then efforts are taken to advise customers effectively.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Under the stakeholder’s theory, customer’s interest should be the forefront phenomenon; customers experience should be improved consistently; in this effort, the airport embarks on various rebranding, and compound conservations. Within the airport, the management has allowed some hospitality industry players to establish high quality and standards businesses, these businesses are allowed to fetch business form passengers; however, they should maintain high quality and efficiency. The establishments include five and four star hotels, massage setups, salons and barber shops, fast food joints, duty free shops, en tertainment sites and shopping establishments. The reason to encourage such establishment is to ensure that travelers experience when using the airport is improved. In between flights and departure, or when a customer jets in the airport, the airport has invested in that time to offer a memorable experience. Taxi operators from companies with high reputation, and which maintain high standard vehicles operate the transport networks in the airport. The taxi operation and their safety is guaranteed by the management of the airport and incase of any misfortune the management takes up the issue. At periodical bases, there are some publics means of road and railway transport that are given access the airport, they include passenger busses, trains, bicycles and motor cycles. The flow of traffic is well regulated with the assistance of computer networks. Within the airport, a number of forex bureaus that are regulated by the airport management and expected to adhere to UK banking rules and regulations. The system is meant to offer foreign currency to travelers at the prevailing rates (Heathrow airport Official Website, 2011). Issues that passengers might face Although the airports performance is commendable, new users are likely to face culture shocks and language barriers. The airport receives passenger from different part of the world that have people with different cultures, experiences and expectations; the challenge offered by the cultural difference is that people might be stranded in the airport. Another challenge that might face travelers is lack of understanding of signs and language used; the adoption of the airports culture is more skewed to English setting thus non-English people might face difficulties understanding some of the signs and symbols.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Heathrow Airport specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Remedy Heathrow airport should implements culture intelli gence programs in its operations such that airport operators, whether dealing with travelers directly or indirectly, can guide travelers effectively. Secondly, at different points, the management should have language-translating machines that are user friendly that travelers from different parts of the world can use; this will boost communication within the airport. References Heathrow airport Official Website, 2011. Heathrow airport. Web. Sassower, R., 1988. The Business of Ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, (7)4,PP. 279-282. Weiss, J., 2008. Business Ethics: A Stakeholder and Issues Management Approach: New York: Cengage Learning. This report on Heathrow Airport was written and submitted by user Giana Russo to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Review of Bleachers essays

Review of Bleachers essays Bleachers, by John Grisham is a story about a former high school football quarterback who comes back to his hometown to visit. His past coach, Eddie Rake, is dying and all of the players from the town go and visit together and talk about the glory days on a set of bleachers at Messina High school. Messina was a town where football meant everything to everyone in the town. Neely Crenshaw is a real-estate agent who comes to visit the town of Messina just to see what he has missed in the past ten years. His former coach, Eddie Rake, is in the hospital waiting for his death. Neely goes to visit his old school and talks to many people about the older days. They look back on how much they were worked and how hard they tried just to please the coach. Many feelings were negative towards Eddie Rake, yet some were positive. Neely is holding a grudge against the coach due to the fact that during half-time on a big game night, the coach screamed at everyone in the locker room and physically hit Neely in the face. Neelys first instinct was to hit back, so he did. The coach fell flat on the ground. Everyone was extremely mad at the coach for doing that. The anger that was built up inside of them led to their victory of the game that night. After the half-time, they were knocking people out, and as I recall, a player on the team broke someone elses arm during the game. The coaches were no where to be seen throughout the whole game, and never even congratulated them for their win. The Spartans was their name and they racked up about 13 state titles over the years. They were an amazing team with great capabilities of winning every time. Neely looks back on his high school days, and remembers his sweetheart, Cameron, that he left for another girl named Screamer. He left her just because she wore tight clothes and would pretty much do anything with him. Neely finds out that she is a prostitute and looks like shes 50, wh ...

What really happened in the Bryant Grocery and Meat Market between Essay

What really happened in the Bryant Grocery and Meat Market between Emmett Till and Carolyn Bryant August 24, 1955 - Essay Example What makes the crime of Emmett Till’s murder so brutal is not only what was done to his body, but what was done to his soul—how his spirit was snuffed out like a light under a bushel, and all because Emmett Till was simply a Black boy in the wrong place at the wrong time. II. What Happened At the Bryant Grocery and Meat Market Emmett Till, a young, 14-year-old African-American youth, really wanted to go down South to Money, Mississippi, where Jim Crow laws were still in full effect in August of 1955. Emmett was from Chicago, in the North, where there was less discrimination—and the Jim Crow laws were not applied as harshly even though they were federal law. Emmett apparently insisted upon going to Mississippi to visit his cousins, even though Mamie Till-Mobley was dead-set against it (Till-Mobley and Benson 2004, 99). When Emmett and his family members pulled up to the Bryant Grocery and Meat Market that fateful day in August of 1955, there was an encounter betwe en the teenager Emmett Till and Carolyn Bryant—the 21-year-old wife of Roy Bryant, the store owner. According to Carolyn Bryant’s testimony, Emmett Till put his hands around Mrs. Bryant’s waist and said some unpleasant things to her (â€Å"Transcript: Emmett Till Trial† 1955, 270). In addition, there is the famous allegation that Emmett Till ‘whistled’ at Carolyn Bryant. â€Å"It [was] alleged that Emmett Till â€Å"wolf whistled† and made some â€Å"ugly remarks† to Bryant’s 21-year-old wife† (Popham 1955, 64). In many media accounts, Mrs. Bryant is described as being attractive, or ‘pretty.’ This is emphasized when the story is told about how Emmett apparently may have physically accosted her in someway, however seemingly innocent. Mrs. Bryant testified that Emmett grabbed her hand when he asked to see the bubble gum from the showcase. Supposedly, he also asked her for ‘a date,’ and call ed her pet names instead of addressing her by the title â€Å"Ma’am,† which was common and the legal custom in the South. Much is debated about what actually went on at the store. There were various accounts of what happened from Emmett’s cousins and other boys in the neighborhood, one or some of which were alleged to have taunted Emmett to go into the store and ask ‘the pretty white lady’ for a ‘date.’ At any rate, Emmett had allegedly been boasting about how he had been with a white woman or women before, and showed a picture of a white girl in his wallet—whom his mother later claimed was a photo of Heddy Lamar, which came with the wallet. After Emmett came out of the store, â€Å"‘[h]e knew he had done something wrong, because he begged us not to tell daddy [Mose Wright],’ insisted [cousin Simeon] Wright in 2007. Parker agreed. ‘Everyone knew a wrong had been committed’† (Anderson 2008, 18). Th is wrong was just one stepping-stone which led to Emmett’s murder and his alleged murderers’ trial, which proved fruitless for the prosecution. Basically, the defense had at least five lawyers, one of which had gone to a prestigious Ivy League law school and was 71 years old. Also, besides that, basically all that the prosecution could prove was that a body had been found in the Tallahatchie River, but—even though Mrs. Till had been able to positively identify the body—the prosecution was not able to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that this was the same person whom J.W. Milam and Roy Bryant had kidnapped. This was enough doubt to place in the mind of the jury that perhaps the person who had turned up in the river was not the

Soundscapes in which Music operates in a Worship Setting Essay

Soundscapes in which Music operates in a Worship Setting - Essay Example The "Tao Meditation", is used to convey the worshiper into a deeper and more peaceful state of worship and spiritual growth. The music is focused in soft Tibetan sounds, with wind chimes, gongs, bells and gentle natural sounds to convey a deeper sense of inner peace and a desire to enter into the inner reaches of ones spirituality. The covey of the simple music allows for the worshiper to find a peaceful oasis of relaxation and stress relief from the business of life, to tap into the inner energies of spiritual awareness and silence. The setting, that I experienced was a simple room, lots of natural light where the worshipers like myself sit in simple seating set in a semi circle, with a screen at the opening of the circle that provided the features that impact upon the sight sensory experience. The leadership by a competence alternative worship leader gently brought one into a sensory but spiritual experience. The significance of the experience is the fulfillment of the inner spirit ual finding release in the gentle art of meditation. There was no specifically set ritual, just a simple group desire to come together to enjoy and experience a deeper and more meaningful spirituality. The ritual if any; or indeed order, was the gentle leading of the group by the leader into the peaceful state of meditation. ... The leadership by a competence alternative worship leader gently brought one into a sensory but spiritual experience. The significance of the experience is the fulfillment of the inner spiritual finding release in the gentle art of meditation. There was no specifically set ritual, just a simple group desire to come together to enjoy and experience a deeper and more meaningful spirituality. The ritual if any; or indeed order, was the gentle leading of the group by the leader into the peaceful state of meditation. Gently listening to the noises and sounds of the music and visualizing the scenes being shown on the screen, before us, invoked this. The meditation allowed each of group of worshipers to concentrate on their own personal spiritual journey and belief structure. The simplicity of the meditation enacted a sense of restfulness, peace and an inner desire to enjoin with the God force or life force within each of us. This was drawn out by viewing the many simple and colorful shapes that were sometimes floated, phased in and out on the screen before us then melting into the distance of the landscape on the screen. The group were able to discuss the experience after its conclusion in a facilitated discussion led by the worship leader. Many of the participants were able to explain that it allowed them to tune into the higher self or as some put it, the "God force" within us. What I enjoyed about the experience was that it allowed one to maintain ones own identity and individuality, without placing formal belief structures and dogmatic systems before the simplicity of simply and gently worshiping and enjoying peace with God. The second experience was completely different in its setting and style. The setting was a Methodist Church, which

Guest lectures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Guest lectures - Essay Example The sharing relayed by Rita, a 76 year old woman was particularly interesting in terms of emphasizing how her love for physical activities (dancing, in particular), significantly assisted in her fast recovery from her hip replacement surgery. Her experience was therefore recommended by her surgeons to other people who had to undergo similar surgeries to help in facilitating the recovery process. What was your overall impression of the lecture? The lecture was simply inspiring, illuminating, and enlightening. The sharing of experiences enabled the audience to clearly understand and relate to their ability to move on despite their disabilities. Optional: Was there a memorable quote or impactful moment from the lecture that resonated with you? The memorable quote was relayed by Rita who emphasized the relevance of keeping active despite one’s age. As noted, â€Å"age is a matter of the mind; when one does not mind, then age does not matter† (Ryan, 2013). What did you learn from the speaker(s)? The speaker, a critical discourse analyst and communication scholar, focused on neurodiversity, specifically communicative perspectives – where communication was noted to shape reality and at the same token, reality shapes communication. She also explained social realities in terms of roles, relationships, functions, experiences, and even disabilities. The lesson that was particularly interesting was the speaker’s ability to emphasize how communication shapes social reality, as well as how reality actually shapes communication. The manner by which she stressed the concept enabled the audience to ingrain the lesson in one’s mind. Likewise, the definition of neurodiversity as â€Å"everyone has a different mind; everyone has a different way of making things work; and everyone has a different way of seeing and shaping social realities which are equally valid despite the diversities† (Ryan, Neurodiversity lecture 3-6-14, 2014). What was your

How Does Hydro And Wave Energy Work Environmental Sciences Essay

How Does Hydro And Wave Energy Work Environmental Sciences Essay Energy also known as electricity is an important source of energy use all around the world. Electricity Energy helps do a lot of work such as it gives people light. It warms our bodies and homes. It runs our TVs and our cars. It makes us grow and move and think. Energy is the power to change things. It is the ability to do work. Light is a type of energy we use all the time. We use it so we can see. We get most of our light from the sun. At night people must make there our own light. Usually, we use electricity to make light. In todays world with the help of latest technology energy can be created by using heat from sun, power of wind and the force of falling water or wave. Currently government from all around the world are keen in investing a lot of money in these projects. The projects are met to be environmentally friendly, low in cost, easy to maintain and noise free. Hydro energy system provides energy that normally comes from water force and converts to electricity. Hydro energy can be created by using many ways. In most of the leading countries, the most reliable and cheap common method of generating energy from water are hydroelectric dams, where water comes down through an area that causes turbines to rotate and then energy can be captured to run a generator. Power can also be generated from the energy of tidal forces or wave power, which uses the energy created by waves. 1.2 Technology in different countries Technological advances in the plants and in power transmission make it feasible to build hydroelectric plants in remote locations, far from where the power will be used. The Itaipu Dam on the Paranà ¡ River between Paraguay and Brazil can produce up to 12,600 megawatts of power. This plant, opened in 1982, supplies nearly all Paraguays electricity and one-quarter of that needed for Brazil. Tasik Kenyir (Lake Kenyir) Sultan Mahmud hydroelectric power station in Malaysia has a capacity of 400 megawatts of power. One of the largest hydroelectric projects in the world is Chinas Three Gorges project on the Yangtze River. The dam, designed to control the devastating floods on the river, includes a large hydroelectric plant. With a capacity of 18,200 megawatts, Three Gorges is projected to be able to provide up to one-ninth of Chinas electricity needs. China has also built many small hydroelectric plants for local use around the country. 1.3 Stage of development of Hydro Energy Hydroelectric power grew rapidly after that. In 1886 there were 45 hydroelectric plants in the United States. By 1889, 200 plants were generating electricity by using water for some or all of the power. At the same time, hydroelectric power plants opened around the world. Italy built its first hydroelectric plant in 1885 at Tivoli, in the mountains outside Rome. The plant initially powered lights in the nearby town. But by 1892 a second plant in the same location was providing power to Rome, the first long-distance power transmission in Italy. Other countries with good conditions for hydroelectric power soon built plants. Canada, France, Japan, and Russia were among the first on board. During the period from 1900 to 1950 the use of hydroelectric power increased rapidly. 1.4 Economics and politics involved Hydro energy systems have a big impact economically as the system provides energy to public where they are charged for the serviced. While this process go on capital usually comes in the market where every one gets a portion of the business or makes profit for there business. Politically the system can make a difference for example if there is a natural disaster the government will make a loss. 1.5 Cultural and decision making in different countries Many countries in the world use hydro energy system to create electricity in a lower cost. Currently Canada comes up top of the list for high usage and the United States comes in second. One of the main reasons the following countries took the decision to use hydro energy system the most to produce electricity is because its a renewable energy, which means it will not be depleted over time and it will consistently be replenished. It is also a clean energy source. 1.6 Possible Problems when using Hydro Energy One problem that can happen when using hydro energy is that it sometime can change the natural flow of the water which can make it possible to harm plants and animals in the water. It can also damage areas and wildlife, as when creating a hydro electric dam, areas should be flooded. 1.7 Profitable Hydro Energy system Other reasons that many countries want to use hydro energy is that it is cheaper than using other methods to convert energy to electricity. It is also reliable and can be used almost immediately when turned on to meet the demand for electricity. Therefore, one must weigh the pros and cons before deciding to use hydro energy to supply their demand for electricity. 1.8 Application of Hydro Energy our Major A hydro energy plant can absorbs the energy of falling water to generate electricity then a turbine can converts the energy of falling water into mechanical energy. Then a generator has to convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy.  Hydro plants can be in different size from micro-hydro that power only very few homes. A Dam can raise water level of a river to create falling water.  Also the dam can control the flow of water. The reservoir that is created is will practically stored energy. The force of falling water should push against the turbines blades causing the turbine to turn in one direction. A water turbine is similar to a windmill,  except that the energy is provided in different way, falling water instead of wind. The turbine should convert the kinetic energy of falling water into a mechanical energy. Generator that is connected to the turbine via shafts so  when the turbine turns it makes the generator to rotate also convert the  mechanical energy from the turbine into electric energy. Wave Energy 2.1 Background of wave energy Waves are naturally caused by the wind which blows over the sea level. In many part of the world, the wind blows with different force to provide waves that can be used to produce energy. There is high level energy and force in the ocean waves.  Wave power can devices  and extract energy directly from the surface ocean waves or from pressure fluctuations below the surface. Wave can also be generated wave when earth quack takes place. Wave power  varies widely  in different parts of the world, and wave energy cant be usefull effectively everywhere. Wave-power can be found in different areas of the world include the western coasts of Scotland, northern Canada, southern Africa, Australia, and the  north-western coasts of the United States. 2.2 Technology In the current market technologies and design in wave Energy system has improved tremendously. The industrial wave power station/plant has to use a shoreline chamber, in which seawater comes and goes naturally. As the water come, the air in the chamber is pressurised and forced to go through a hole into the turbine, to make it turn. As the water recedes, the air is goes back, leaving the turbine turning. The turbine then can be connected via a shaft but the new technology is using belt to the generator where energy will be converted into electricity. 2.3 Impact on environment In todays world wave power is considered as environmentally friendly. Most complain usually come from local neighbours as it can be a bit noisy, landscape, or affect of roads leading to the sites. These complains are currently seen as disadvantage. 2.4 Political and Economical Impact Wave energy has made a big impact economically and politically from years. Economically in a way when a project take place it brings capital together which means everyone small business, contracts labourers, shops and many get a portion of the business and earn them profit. Politically it can affect the government if the project does not work because of a natural disaster. 2.5 Application of wave energy Kinetic energy naturally has to be in the wave that moves in the ocean. The energy can be used to power and run a turbine. Following the example in diagram 1 below wave should rise while reaching the chamber. The forces of the rising water actually have to push air out of the chamber. The moving air in red colour shown in the diagram spins the actual turbine which will manually turn the generator. After this process wave down, air flows through the turbine and back into the chamber through doors that are normally closed. Others system actually uses up and down motion of the wave to power piston that moves up and down inside the cylinder. That piston should be able to turn a generator. Tidal Power Wave Energy Diagram 1 Comparison of different energy system Hydro Energy Hydroelectric power has other benefits as well. Dams and hydroelectric plants last a long time. This means that once the costs of building are paid off, a hydroelectric plant becomes a relatively inexpensive source of electricity. Wave Energy Wave energy system is as good as hydro energy. Advantages are it does not disturb public in case there of noise. Disadvantages are it can cause damages in case there are sea storm and also mite be difficult for engineers to do any maintenance. Wind Energy Wind Energy system work nearly the same way wave energy works. Before engineers used to place big turbines in land but now technology has improved same system can be build on sea and works as good as any other system. Conclusion Following the discussion between different kind of energy systems. Energy is a very important factor in todays world. As technology level is rising better energy system is been design and tested. Currently a new energy system has been tested which works under water. The turbine system is fixed on the ground to protect against vibration. The turbine system rotates with the help of sea water pressure. Engineers and government of all the leading countries are investing more energy system because they are pollution free and do not need any expensive fuel.

Free College Admissions Essays: Landscape Architecture :: College Admissions Essays

Landscape Architecture    How to create an environment suitable for human living when resources are limited is a challenging problem for modern society. My strong interest in photography and art has compelled me to become especially observant toward the relationship between human beings and the environment. I have come to realize that the environment we live in has suffered much damage from pollution and lacks competent planning, making it difficult to find beautiful scenery to photograph or sketch. I began to think that I could make use of my artistic gift, concern about, and interest in the environment by entering the field of landscape design and putting my effort into beautifying our surroundings. Therefore, after graduating from high school, I entered the Department of Landscape Architecture at ABC University.     ¡@ ¡@During my freshman year, I joined the school's mountaineering club, where I served as a guide and also as president of its photography group. I went to many mountainous areas and ecological preserves, and saw that Taiwan is rich in natural resources; but I also saw that these precious resources are gradually disappearing due to poor planning and illegal land use. This realization solidified my determination to learn concepts of environmental planning and design. Due to my lengthy contact with nature while climbing mountains, I knew that landscape designers should treat nature and residential areas with respect. Over the next two years, I learned more in-depth concepts of landscape design, enhanced my basic abilities in environmental planning, and started developing an interest in urban design. I received commendations from my professors for my performance and ideas. In addition, I served as administrative head of the department student association during these two years, re sponsible for planning our department exhibitions and intercollegiate activities for exchanging ideas about landscape design. This experience increased my teamwork abilities and efficiency in problem solving, which will be of great help in my future pursuits.     ¡@ ¡@The value of landscape education is not in its accumulation of knowledge, but rather in its methods for solving real-life problems. I believe that one must learn more than plain theory, and so in the summers after my freshman through junior years, I took part in internships in related fields, mainly in urban design. I was involved in planning, design, and implementation of landscaping projects, combining theory with practice. After graduation, I worked at XYZ Landscape Consultants as a designer.

Birth Control Devices and Teenagers

Birth control devices refer to tools or methods that prevent pregnancy. There are various ways of birth control, which may be classified to natural and artificial methods. These methods have been in existence and have been employed by many since the ancient times (Nagel). Birth control devices may also be classified according to the way by which they prevent conception or pregnancy. Following the latter classification, there would be four types of birth control devices, namely, chemical, barrier, intrauterine devices (IUD), and fertility cycle planning (Nagel).Many couples already employ these devices in planning their family, and many women have adopted the use of various methods, such as the pill. For example, it is estimated that more than half the female population of the United States already uses a form of contraception (Nagel). Despite the widespread use, however, controversies revolving around the ethical and religious aspects of contraception remain intense (Nagel); and this remains especially true in cases of teenagers.Parents would probably be the last person that a young person would consult regarding the use of birth control devices, due to the inherent sensitivity of the topic and the barriers to communication between parents and their children (Richardson). However, considering the important role that contraceptives may play in preventing young adults from getting pregnant without having adequate preparations and the high probability of young adults in engaging in premarital sex, parents might do well to consider talking to their children about the use of contraceptives so that the latter would have correct information and guidance.The existence of barriers to communication between parents and their children is well documented. Studies show that there is an apparent disconnection between parents and young adolescents (Richardson). This is particularly true among the American population (Richardson). To illustrate, surveys of more than 100, 000 ad olescents in the United States show that only twenty-six percent (26%) of adolescents found their parents approachable enough to initiate a conversation with (Richardson).However, such communication could spell the difference between a good and bad future for young adults. Teenagers are besieged by various issues, dilemmas, and changes during adolescence, including physical and hormonal changes (Richardson). At this critical age, issues concerning sex and birth control bother teenagers (Richardson). Therefore, this is the age when parents need to establish a strong communication link between them and their children so that they could give significant pieces of advice.This way, children would not turn to outside sources, which could turn out to be unsafe or unfavorable. Keeping communication lines open between parents and children, even on highly sensitive issues like premarital sex and contraception, helps establish a good relationship among them. This way, parents are effectively e xpressing their unquestioning parental and emotional support to their children. They are also providing them with invaluable guidance in living life responsibly.They are also not turning a blind eye to the reality to the lifestyle and practices of teenagers nowadays. Finally, it is best that teenagers know they can turn to their parents for support rather than to other people, who might provide wrong or unwise pieces of advice. Works Cited Nagel, Rob. â€Å"Birth Control Methods. † Body by Design: From the Digestive System to the Skeleton. (2000). Richardson, Rhonda. â€Å"Early Adolescence Talking Points: Questions that Middle School Students Want To Ask Their Parents. † Family Relations.53 (2004): 87-94 Outline: Birth Control Devices and Teenagers I. Introduction A. Birth control devices B. The introduction of birth control devices to teenagers by their parents II. Body A. Teenagers are becoming more sexually active nowadays B. Parents do not have effective communica tion with their children C. Parents can build good relations with their children by being open about sex matters III. Conclusion A. Summary of the body B. Parents are the best person to introduce birth control devices to their teen children.

Looking At Out Expectations Of Social Work Social Work Essay Essays

Looking At Out Expectations Of Social Work Social Work Essay Essays Looking At Out Expectations Of Social Work Social Work Essay Essay Looking At Out Expectations Of Social Work Social Work Essay Essay I am traveling to briefly discourse the significances of hazard. Whilst I am cognizant that there are many theories of hazard, I have identified three chief subjects and will be researching these in relation to modern-day societal work, the subjects of governmentality, cultural theory and hazard society. Present twenty-four hours societal work is concerned with affairs of exposure and hazard ( Kemshall et al, 1997 ) , ( Dalrymple and Burke, 2006 ) , ( Parton, 1996 ) , ( Titterton, 2005 ) , ( Hothersall and Mass-Lowit, 2010 ) . Media coverage of serious instance reviews sing the deceases of kids have led to an onslaught of unfavorable judgment into societal work pattern. In looking for definitions to specify hazard, I found several significances. Traditionally hazard was defined neutrally as a chance or likelihood a behavior or event will happen ( Lishman, 2002: 154 ) , ( Munro, 2002:64 ) , for illustration the possibility of a addition every bit good as a loss. Kemshall ( 2002 ) discusses the utilizations of hazard to insurance and a mathematical chance attack to hazard. In postmodern society, hazard is now attributed to the footings of danger or jeopardy ( Lupton, 1999 a: 12 ) . The construct of Governmentality was developed by the Gallic philosopher Michel Foucault in the ulterior old ages of his life between the late 1970 s and his decease in 1984. His construct provides an apprehension of power, non merely in footings of the power of the province from a top-down attack, but in the more elusive signifiers of power exercised through a web of establishments, patterns, processs and techniques which act to modulate societal behavior ( Joseph 2010:225 ) . Power is noticeable in a positive manner through the production of cognition and discourses that are internalised by persons, steering the behavior of populations and taking to more efficient signifiers of societal control. Parton ( 1994 ) cited in Pease ( 2002 ) writes how persons permit authorities at a distance through being encouraged and supported to exert freedom and pick. Because power is de-centred persons play a function in their ain self-governance. Criticisms of Foucault argue that he fails to recognize that power is non equal to all. It can besides be argued that he lacks mention to the exercising of power in relation to race, age, gender and category, particularly how accessible power is between different societal groups. Cooper ( 1994: 450 ) argues about the character of the engineerings of power sing racialist and gendered discourses being used. It was argued that Foucault was non attentive to how people respond to discourses in their day-to-day lives ( Lupton: 1999 B: 102 ) . Critics besides believed that Foucault lacked consciousness in the power establishments had over persons and that persons behaviour in society was down to following regulations of conventions ( Hoy: 1986:151 ) . Feminist critics such as Hartstock ( 1990:171-172 ) believe Foucault s apprehension of power diminishes persons to objects of power than persons able to defy. Foucault s work on specifying the dealingss and mechanisms of power like governmentality can back up societal workers to believe about their place of power within the constructions ( that maintain the subjugation of service users ) in their work. Empowerment uses societal scientific discipline to work out societal jobs and is a societal justness discourse in societal work. It allows societal workers to redistribute power and cognition in their pattern, whilst challenging and battling unfairness and subjugation. Empowerment develops capacities of persons, whilst underscoring single duty. Pease ( 2002:137 ) argues that there is an premise that power is something that can be given and authorising person is to confabulate. Therefore as Braye and Preston-Shoot ( 2003:100 ) discuss, authorization is about laden people taking the power and demanding to be heard . Because cognition is cardinal to understanding power within society, in order to authorise service users there must be a reallo cation of cognition, an rebellion of subjugated cognition as indicated by Foucault ( 1977 ) . Listening to service users and leting them to hold more control over seeking solutions to their jobs or placing their demands within the wider societal context, is another illustration of authorization. We belong to many societal groups, some by pick and some because they are forced upon us. Within these groups, some have more or less power over others. Social workers need to be cognizant of difference and diverseness and develop a greater sense of ego consciousness about the hazards of labelling, pigeonholing and keeping subjective beliefs. The term Risk Society describes a society that is exposed to harm as a consequence of human activity. German sociologist Ulrich Beck ( 1992 ) foremost used the term, although British sociologist Anthony Giddens has besides written on the same capable affair. Both writers argue worlds have ever been subjected to put on the line, e.g. natural catastrophes but these are seen as being caused by non-human forces. Modern society is now exposed to hazards such as terrorist act, chemical pollution and atomic power. Giddens ( 1999 ) defines these as external and manufactured hazards , external being hazards originating from nature ( e.g. implosion therapy ) and manufactured hazards being the consequence of human activity, e.g. developments in scientific discipline and engineering. As worlds are responsible for manufactured hazards, both Beck and Giddens argue that societies can measure the degree of hazard being produced in a automatic manner that can change the planned activity itself. Peoples are now more wary of what professionals tell us, which is different to the position of the older coevals. We are more critical of professionals and more likely to oppugn them They believe there is an addition in reflexiveness ( the thought that society c an accommodate to new hazards ) as a response to hazard and uncertainness in postmodern society, but Beck ( 1992:21 ) relates this to more hazards and jeopardies being produced, where Giddens ( 1999:3 ) believes in human subjectiveness being more sensitive to put on the line. Criticisms of hazard society inquiry the degree of hazard in postmodern society. Turner ( 1994: 180 ) inquiries whether life has become more hazardous in the present twenty-four hours, than how it affected persons in the yesteryear. Ungar, cited in Goode and Ben-Yehuda ( 2009: 82 ) argues that the menaces of today infuse fright every bit good as, non alternatively of the past frights. Culture, race and gender do non have in both Beck and Giddens Hagiographas and it could be argued that it would be hard for an person to be automatic sing struggles of this nature. Joffe ( 1999 ) argues that there had been a failure to recognize emotion in regard to how people cope with life in a hazard society. Delanty ( 1999:171 ) draws from the unfavorable judgments by Lash, reasoning that Beck and Giddens do non recognize the cultural dimension of reflexiveness, due to ignoring corporate bureau such as the community in favor of individuality. Social work has changed from a concern with demand to one of hazard ( Kemshall, 2002 ) . The media perceptual experience of societal workers neglecting in their responsibility to forestall the deceases of kids or protect the populace from persons known to be mentally sick, has led to more bureaucratic solutions, through statute law, processs and guidelines ( Ferguson, 2004 ) . Blame is allocated due to the accent in hazard ( Douglas, 1992 ) . The ordinance of hazard replaces need as a focal point and concluding for societal work intercession. Lishman ( 2007: 164 ) writes how working with hazard will ever stay a hazardous concern, but with the aid of sound methods and defendable decision-making it can be good managed . Titterton ( 2005:50 ) argues there is no such thing as a hazard free option: all options hold possible hazards . Lishman explains further that in the clime of the blasted civilization, hazard appraisals need to be of a criterion that contain defendable determinations that can keep up in instances where there has been a hazard failure ( 2007:157 ) . There is the danger that in utilizing hazard appraisals to look into handiness for a service, there is the possible for the societal worker to be distanced from the service user. Involving the service user to make their ain hazard appraisals and explicate what they believe are the hazards is a signifier of authorization, which places them at the Centre of the procedure. Clutton et Al ( 2006: 18 ) links the engagement of the service user to empowerment, Risk appraisal may be authorising if it allows the service user to take an informed determination on future action . Social workers have to be able to asses the predicted results of a possible hazard to a service user but this is non ever easy. Differing readings of a state of affairs due to the cultural and societal background of people and groups can do understanding hazard and hazard direction hard in determination devising ( Reed et Al, 2004:149 ) . Service users have started to do picks in how they interact with societal services e.g. self-referral. In order to do programs about their lives, societal workers need to interact with households in new ways that recognise their disadvantage and subjugation in society. It could be asked if service users truly have pick or do they have options within pick? Harris and White ( 2009:100 ) see pick to be a cardinal component of the authorities s modernization docket and are established in services such as direct payments and pick of infirmary. Labeling of service users in appraisals as disturbed , at hazard , in demand , describes behavior from a value position ( Dalrymple and Burke, 2006 ) . Slovic ( 1999 ) writes how risk appraisals are coloured by subjective opinions of the societal worker at every phase of the appraisal procedure. Hall et Al ( 2006:23 ) argues nevertheless that classification of service users in studies, meetings and in the tribunal is an outlook of societal workers as a practical and professional responsibility to supply appraisals and supply a class of action or services. The impression of Culture Theory developed by Mary Douglas ( 1966, 1798 ) and Douglas and Wildavsky ( 1982 ) has been influential in looking at positions on hazard. Cultural theory purposes to explicate how personality and cultural traits influence hazard perceptual experiences and why different people and societal groups fear different hazards. Douglas argues the relation of hazard to political relations and its nexus to answerability duty and incrimination ( Lupton, 1999:39 ) . Douglas and Wildavsky ( 1982 ) introduced the grid/group construct to explicate how cultural proportions can compare society. It defines how people can be divided into four types that predict how they react to different types of hazards- Individualist, Egalitarian, Hierarchists and Fatalist. Thompson et Al ( 1990:5 ) explain group as mentioning to how much the person is integrated into enclosed units and grid to how much a individual s life is restricted as a cause of exterior compulsory instructions. Douglas s theory is non without unfavorable judgment. Lupton ( 1999:7 ) inquiries the media s contributory function to the hazard cognition of their audience. It can be argued that you can non anticipate how anyone will act in response to a peculiar circumstance and that cultural theory is opaque, non taking into history the complexnesss of modern society ( Rayner, 1992, Boholm, 1996 ) . Tansey and O Riordan ( 1999 ) argue the theory is deterministic and takes no history of the free will of persons. Ostrander ( 1992 ) makes a outstanding statement, proposing that cultural theory should use to societal environments in order to separate societal systems as a whole. It could besides be argued that as Douglas does non explicate how risk perceptual experiences sing to persons and administrations change over clip, her theory could be seen as inactive ( Bellaby ( 1990 ) . Gross and Rayner ( 1985:18 ) argue that Douglas fails to explicate, what economic incentives or wants dispose indivi duals to alter their societal place . Accountability means being answerable to others for the quality and efficiency of one s attempts. Social workers are accountable to service users, the community, their section and their supervisors. They must be able to explicate what it is they do, how it is done and that their work meets professional criterions for competency. Mishra ( 1984 ) , cited in Wilson et Al, ( 2008:39 ) writes how there is a decrease in professional liberty and control due to answerability and structural demands being placed on bureaus. Social workers, through fright of misestimating a state of affairs can set about cautious and defensive pattern which falls short of sing the deductions, hazards and benefits to the service user of the determinations made and measures taken. Bamford ( 1990 ) writes how societal workers must develop a system of answerability which does non lose sight of the demands of the clients and their support systems . O Hanlon, cited in Parton and O Byrne ( 2000: 88 ) , separates blame from answerability in that answerability features duty, is authorising and promotes self bureau. Incrimination does non ask for co-operation, is estranging and stopping points down possibilities. An illustration of the links between hazard and incrimination is the instance of babe Peter, who was killed by his female parent s spouse and was the topic of a multiple sum of media attending, proportioning incrimination on the societal workers in his attention. The description of injury and danger portrayed by the media, the authorities and organizational responses to ailments and legal action, ensuing in a blasted civilization is a effect of hazard antipathy employed by some societal workers ( Furedi, 2002 ) . This could go forth societal workers experiencing the demand to protect themselves and hesitant, taking to go throughing the incrimination onto other people. Webb, ( 2006:70 ) links blasted civilization to put on the line turning away being the chief precedence, ensuing in tighter steps of answerability and transparence being involved. Kemshall ( 2002: 94 ) suggests blame serves to beef up answerability, but besides subtly to command information flow and use and to reenforce trueness and solidarity with peculiar point of views on hazard . Duty of the societal worker is linked to answerability. These are sustained in codifications of pattern, the jurisprudence and day-to-day verbal exchanges. Hall et Al ( 2006: 16 ) depict how professionals are aware of their interactions, should their address causes their behavior to be accountable. Parton and OByrne ( 2000: 183 ) discourse the moralss of duty in which service users are able to speak freely about themselves, their state of affairs and the best manner to work out their jobs. Social workers are back uping service users to take duty for their ain actions, which replaces constructs of cause and finding Howe ( 1986 ) , cited in Parton ( 1996:88 ) . The duty of the societal worker is to the wellbeing of service users, but there are times when they work in state of affairss that are conflicting. Dominelli ( 2009:11 ) offers one account of this in a care-control quandary , when there is a demand to equilibrate the finding of the service user with injury. The societal work ers duty to the wider society and attachment to the jurisprudence mean that at times the wellbeing of the service users may non take precedence. In decision we have considered the impact of hazard in the field of societal work. In making so we have identified three chief theories, that of Govermentality, Risk Society and Culture Theory. We have analysed the impact of societal work on these theories. Govermentality Theory helps us to understand power and the production of cognition that enables persons to regulate themselves. Empowerment, as discussed antecedently enables service users to derive control over determinations that affect their lives. Risk Society Theory helps us to understand how communities are organised in its response to hazard. This has been discussed in relation to societal work in the media and the bureaucratic defensive patterns that have developed as a consequence of extended coverage of high profile service weaknesss. Culture Theory seeks to explicate how the societal context in which we operate affects our responses to put on the line. As considered earlier, answerability is a agency for societal worker s to explicate their actions and the logical thinking behind them, blasted civilization leads to societal workers experiencing discerning and self-preserving of their function. The societal worker besides has duty to the service users, but besides to the wider society. Word count 2563

buy custom The Menstrual Phenomenon essay

buy custom The Menstrual Phenomenon essay Assignment #1: Below are the more significant symptoms I have experienced in the past three months: 1) Indigestion or stomach problems: I believe that my stomach problems were mostly due to my excessive consumption of oily and chilly food, and then immediately followed by cold drink, especially beer, alcohol and wines. Sometimes, other than unhealthy food and drink, gloomy thoughts arising out of improper reaction to environmental challenges caused a lot of mental stress resulting in indigestion. 2) Feeling anxious or uneasy: Sometimes, in combating withpessimistic thoughts apparently coming from nowhere, I experienced anxious feelings and uneasiness. 3) Irregular sleeping pattern: This is most likely due to the restlessness and uneasiness of feelings that I experienced in the waking hours and later manifested as irregular sleeping pattern at bedtime. This is the most notable surprise to me as my sleep has always been sound, profound, and regular. Assignment #2: According to medical findings, Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is a more severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), characterized by both psychological and physical symptoms. A close young relative of mine living in my house seems to experience a variety of commmon symptoms such as depressed mood, anxiety or tension, and fatigue. She also seems to have insomnia and wake up tired in the morning. Her study seems to be temporary affected as her concentration is not good. Moreover, she likes to eat a lot typically before bedtime. Nevertheless, being a very active and socially outgoing person, she seems to be able to effectively and habitually carry herself through moments of depression, anxiety, and moodiness as commonly affecting most women. In other words, though she appears to experience more symptoms than the average woman, she is found leading a happy life in spite of the inevitable occurrence of the menstrual phenomenon. Buy custom The Menstrual Phenomenon essay

How do local (host) attitudes vary towards different types of tourism Essay

How do local (host) attitudes vary towards different types of tourism and tourists - Essay Example The kinds of interactions and the quality of these interactions influence the perceptions as well as attitudes by visitors towards the destination and locals while it influences on hosts tolerance. This would be therefore viewed in a long term where these interactions influence sustainability of tourism as a leisure activity. Cultural incidences as well as hosts social demographic characteristics have a significant influence on the nature of interactions between the visiting people and the locals (Armenski, nd, p. 1). Locals or hosts have used the social exchange theorem in prediction and explaining attitudes towards the tourists. It is used primarily on evaluation of the mutual benefits that individuals would gain through interactions in being a tourist and a host. It is therefore instrumental in explaining the exchanges that occur between the host(s) and the tourists and explains the variation in attitudes and perceptions by hosts towards particular tourists. Through the theory, th is paper identifies that individuals engage the analysis of costs and or benefits resultant in interactions between the hosts and tourists. Bad attitudes and perceptions by hosts towards interaction with tourists may be explained by lack of benefits to be derived from the tourists while right attitudes according to the theory arise from the availability of gains from the interactions. Working tourists and often referred to as holidaymakers are persons who engage into tourism through travelling but engages in work with such motives of generating more finances to cater for prolonged holiday and such other reasons. There are various categories of the working tourists as includes ‘travelling professional workers’, ‘migrant tourism workers’, ‘working holiday tourists as well as ‘non-institutionalized working’ tourists (Duncan, nd, p. 34-35). There are main variations that are

To what extent was propaganda's importance to the rise of Hitler Essay

To what extent was propaganda's importance to the rise of Hitler - Essay Example Hitler had many personality flaws that had to be overcome before he could successfully lead any political party. Hitler was paranoid about many subjects. Takeovers and conspiracies were a common theme in Hitler’s mind. In Mein Kampf, Hitler talked about Jews endlessly. One example states â€Å"I gradually discovered that the Social Democratic Party was predominately controlled by Jews.† Hitler really believed that Jews had a worldwide conspiracy against the German people. Instead of showing his paranoia against the Jews, Hitler laid down logical reasons for his hatred toward the Jews. For example: He painted a vivid picture of a revivified and dynamic 'racial community' that would overcome all distinctions of class, estate and station. The economy would be invigorated by two four-year plans and 'national rebirth' ensured by the reassertion of family values and a return to the basic tenets of Christian morality. Instead of just stating his paranoid facts about the Jews, Hitler used a positive spin to include others in his paranoid beliefs. The propaganda of the Jews standing in the way of better economic plan, or even a better Germany was easier to sell to the Germans than paranoid beliefs about a Jewish or Communist conspiracies. Another problem that Hitler had to hide was his phobia with the opposite sex. Hitler was very shy around women. One woman that he loved above others was his niece, Geli. There is much speculation about whether these two had a sexual relationship. The relationship came to a tragic end when Geli commuted suicide. Hitler only had serious relationships with three women, Geli, Miezl Reiter, and Eva Braun Not much is known about Reiter, except she was his chauffeur’s sister.... tionship came to a tragic end when Geli commuted suicide.4 Hitler only had serious relationships with three women, Geli, Miezl Reiter, and Eva Braun Not much is known about Reiter, except she was his chauffeur’s sister.5 Eva Braun Hitler's longtime mistress, eventually married Hitler right before both of them committed suicide in the last days of World War II. Braun was not very stable. She tried multiple times to kill herself.6 Hitler did not appear publicly attached to these women. The propaganda surrounding Hitler and women was on of a single man. The unattainable bachelor made German women swoon. Every German woman attracted to Hitler could imagine the possibility of being with the Fuehrer. If he needed to use propaganda to promote a wife, children, and family life, Hitler used Magda Gobbels, Josef Gobbels' wife.7 The single bachelor image helped promote his popularity with women, despite his failed personal relationships. In order to carry out the Final Solution, or the d estruction of the Jews, Hitler could not lay out his true plans. This is where propaganda came into play. In order to cover up the paranoia of a madman, Hitler started laying out a case against the Jews. His first propaganda piece was Mein Kampf. As his position in the Nazi movement grew so did the propaganda. The main propaganda against the Jews was the idea that: Hitler and his leading propagandists were able to entertain completely contradictory versions of events simultaneously, one rooted in the grandiose idea of a master race and world domination the other in the self-pitying paranoia of the innocent, beleaguered victim. Grandiosity and paranoia were two poles of one fanatical ideology.8 By portraying his anti-Semitic sentiments as a noble cause, or a German cause, Hitler was able to come

Cultural Comparison of the Muslim African and Catholic Mexican Research Paper

Cultural Comparison of the Muslim African and Catholic Mexican cultures related to Healthcare - Research Paper Example Mexicans have several illnesses in their healthcare culture that have varied meanings among them. While others are of the idea that health is as a result of good fortune or comes as a recompense for good conduct, others believe that illnesses have either natural or supernatural causes. For example, Mexicans have an illness in their culture known as humoral imbalance that they believe that mental and bodily sickness results from an inequality between the sick person and the surroundings. In Muslim culture, health is often believed to be lost through a lack of balance and moderation in one’s lifestyle and this creates a situation where it is difficult. Mexicans generally have three meals per day with dinner and lunch larger than the breakfast and the family takes their meals together especially when they have a large extended family and the meal is usually prepared by grandmothers. Food in the Mexican culture can be traced to the Galen’s humoral theory that is based on th e notion that the body is composed of four humors that is the blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile which in order to have the best health must be balanced using the qualities of heat, cold, moisture or dryness. Ethnopharmacology The African Muslim culture has a long history of pharmacology and this includes the use of knowledge from the ancient world as well as newly developed medicines. Today, African Muslims use both traditional and modern western medicine for the purpose of treating various medical afflictions. This is the same for Mexicans who use both traditional healthcare providers and Western medicine and the Mexican medication is prevalent in the urban areas though the poor who cannot afford the often expensive Western medicine resort to long-established practices in healthcare. Traditional medicine may be through home remedies such as taking herbal teas or if home medicine is ineffective, the Mexicans consult herbalists known as yerbero or massage therapists (sobador) or partera(midwife). Treatment can also be through religious rituals that may include prayers or the use of religious symbols worn on the body or kept in the house, making promises or commitments or visiting religious shrines. Mexicans can purchase prescription medicine anywhere without necessarily having to consult Mexican pharmacies but in some instances such as a person suffering from tuberculosis (TB) will purchase the drugs back in Mexico for fear of divulging their status that may result into stigmatization in a Western healthcare provider. Ethnonutrition When African Muslims deal with the matter of diet, they often follow the Islamic teaching on moderation, and when defining self-control, the Prophetic direction on the best of common diets is one-third food, the other third is composed of water and the final third should be air (Books, LLC 2011). This is because of the belief that when the stomach is overfilled with food, it will not be able to consume water, and when food a nd water go beyond their required level, one may experience from pulmonary problems. Therefore, this leads to anxiety and fatigue from lungs being incapable of easily delivering

The Nazi Doctors Essay Example for Free

The Nazi Doctors Essay Robert Jay Lifton’s The Nazi Doctors is a book that summarizes and explains the lives of both prisoner doctors and Nazi SS doctors during the Holocaust.   Lifton discusses their roles in the attempt of the Nazis to present their plan for a perfect race as a medical practice and a sort of euthanasia for what the Nazis considered imperfect human beings. Through the interviews of both Nazi and prisoner doctors, I can determine the struggle that faced these doctors and also realize the pressure on Hitler to make the world see his views and actions of both genocide and â€Å"the perfect race† as acceptable.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Basically, Lifton is telling us that the Nazis knew that the world would be against the plan to murder anyone with an imperfection.   So, the Nazis tried to use what could be disguised as medical means and mercy killings to accomplish this dream.   What the world thought made a difference because the world could and would try to stop the Nazis if it appeared that they were conducting mass murders.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In The Nazi Doctors, Lifton brings to my attention that the Nazis constantly faced a struggle to keep what they were truly doing from the world. One example was the use of sedatives in great amounts to kill impaired children, attempting to make it look, upon investigation, as if the child was merely overmedicated (Lifton, p.54-55).   When the world realized what the Nazis were doing, the reaction was basically World War II.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The weltanschauung or â€Å"philosophy of life† is examined in The Nazi Doctors in several ways. The Hitler philosophy that it is the state’s responsibility to â€Å"declare unfit for propagation all who are in any way visibly sick or who have inherited a disease and can therefore pass it on.†(Lifton, p.22), is evident throughout the book.   It is portrayed as an evil philosophy. Lifton relates more to Martin Buber and Leo Baeck who were both Jews and both supported the Jewish community during World War II. Like Buber who opposed Hitler’s regime and lectured against the Nazis, Lifton remarks several times that the Nazis tried to hide the evil they were doing from the world, proving they knew it was evil and unacceptable. Lifton even states that Buber saw one of the most powerful SS doctors, Josef Mengele as a â€Å"wound in the order of being† (Lifton, P.381).   This also leads to the assumption that the book takes the views of Leo Baeck whose philosophy, from my point of view, was basically that ethical acts are a response to experiencing God and that the Nazis’ unethical acts are all from a decision to choose to perform these unethical acts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jane Elliot and The Nazi Doctors share the same philosophy on life. As Elliot opposes white supremacy, so does this book expose another racial supremacy. As Elliot opposes supremacy over blacks and tries to show the world its hidden prejudices through bold faced lectures and the Blue eyes/Brown eyes exercise, this book exposes Hitler’s prejudices over many races he insisted were inferior. And it was not just races but people with any impairment, whether it be mental or physical, that Hitler and his Nazis opposed.   By reading Lifton’s point of view, I can see how he related to Jane Elliot’s view of life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   According to The Nazi Doctors, the Nazis began experimenting in their hospitals, but eventually spread their â€Å"euthanasia† to their concentration camps. The book explains how the whole killing plan came about in five basic steps: first came sterilization of impure human beings, the killing of impaired children, the killing of impaired adults, then the move to killing of impaired inmates in the concentration camps and prisons, and finally the mass murders of whole races and peoples.   Always the Nazis tried to disguise these mass murders and killing of the innocent behind medical practices. This is why doctors were used to determine who should be put to death.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Even as they arrested those who opposed or spoke against the Regime, the Nazis also realized how important the resistance was. This is proven by the fact that they responded to resistance to direct medical killing by trying to disguise many deaths as results of pneumonia or accidental overmedication. The anti-Semitism in Europe, especially in Germany with their history of anti-Semitic stories and myths, made an easy target for Hitler and his Nazis.   Because the people misunderstood the Jews, it was easy to make them fear the Jews. This made it easy to create a following to exterminate all Jews and later the Poles and gypsies and anyone the Nazis felt were impure to the human race.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although in the United States there was not a strong sense of anti-Semitism, and we were fighting to destroy Hitler’s regime, anti-Semitism did exist and many Jews here felt isolated.   However, without the history of fears of different races, since we are a melting pot of races, it would be difficult to focus on so many races as impure. Not to say that the United States does not hold prejudices, but the basis of our Constitution is the freedom to live and provides us with certain rights.   So, much of America would be outraged by the Nazis and their methods of racial purification.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Thus leading to the reason why Hitler’s Holocaust plan needed worldwide indifference as well as a police state. The police state was necessary to control the extermination selection and the secrecy of what was really going on, and the people themselves. Worldwide indifference was necessary to what they were doing in order to squelch all protests and opposition to their plan. In other words, so no one would try to stop them.   Lifton makes this clear throughout the book.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     My personal reaction to this book, other than the horror to the truths it reveals, is that Lifton did a thorough job of delving into the minds of both the prison doctors and the Nazi doctors.   He tries to show his readers how each side felt and what they lived through. He reveals the ways the prison doctors overcame great horrors and shocks to help the best way that they could. He explains how the Nazi doctors rationalized their part in the Regime’s plan and how they dealt with their evil responsibilities by drinking alcohol.   Lifton makes it clear that he disagrees with this idea of a pure race and sees none of this as medical euthanasia, but as mass murder.   I agree with Lifton and appreciate his great attempts to find the truth through his interviews.   The book was interesting as well as stirring since it brought a sickness to my soul to understand how these massive killings and injustices could have ever occurred. Work Cited    Lifton, Robert Jay. The Nazi Doctors. New York, NY, USA: Basic Books, Inc.,1986.

US Education Budget Cuts Analysis

US Education Budget Cuts Analysis Introduction/Background Every year in the United States, we have a budget that we must adhere by. This is called the United States Federal Budget, with this title it is the budget that is used to fund and oversee governmental operations in our country over a fiscal year. Another budget process that we must note come from the state and local budget process. Federal budgets and state budgets have similarities but they also have a major difference. The major idea that separates the two is a fiscal deficit, states budgets are required by law to make certain that their budgets are balanced, whereas the federal government is allowed to run a deficit and can also request to borrow money to meet the needs and efforts congress has put forth. No matter what level of government is being discussed, the budget is always an issue that never looses saliency because there is always an area that needs more money, whether it be healthcare, defense, public safety, or education. The federal budget has three areas that seem to aid the most when gaining revenue, these three include income tax, capital gains, and other taxes such as social security or excise taxes. The state and local budget seems to gain revenue in a wider variety of ways, some of these including but not limited to taxes such as sales, fuel, and property along with other fees such as licensing (drivers), and casino gambling. Citizens often question where the money the government is robbing them of is ending up when operations such as medicaid and public assistance seem to be lacking. Speaking in the area of state and local budgeting, an area that raises a large amount of speculation is our K-12 education system. Although we all seem to take primary and secondary education seriously, it often slides through the cracks. We as citizens and taxpayers know how important the education of the young people in our country is, however it is often the first institute to have budget cuts inflicted. It has been recorded that the nation and the state of Alabama specifically have been fighting the battle of saving the budget allocated for primary and secondary public education for years now. Some believe that schools have enough of the budget directed in areas of education while others feel as though the extreme cuts are only hurting our children and the education they are receiving. In Support of Educational Budget Cuts in the United States It is understood that there is a large quantity of money that goes toward education on all levels. Primary and secondary public education specifically are allocated millions of dollars to use to their disposal to better the learning and teaching environment at these schools. There are many factors that go into making the educational system successful. Bill Gates agrees that cutting the budget it does not have to have negative effects or be detrimental to education or students. He actually states that it could have positive outcomes for students and teachers to benefit from these cuts. In an article written by Kevin Freking titled, Bill Gates: Education Budget Cuts Don’t Have to Hurt Learning, Gates states â€Å"that schools can improve the performance of students if they put more emphasis on rewarding excellent teaching and less emphasis on paying teachers based on seniority and graduate degrees† (Freking 2011). Gates also feels that there are definite do’s and d on’t when it comes to attempting to close the $125 billion deficit that we face. On top of the do’s list, Gates feels as though if we were to â€Å"lift caps on class sizes and get more students in front of the very best teachers. Those teachers would get paid more with the savings generated from having fewer personnel overall (Freking 2011). Class size is a variable that always comes up in the discussion of quality K-12 education. This is often the only factor people discuss when in reality, it is also in big part to do with the quality of teachers that we have inside the classroom teaching our students. Another mistake that is often made is paying teachers based on advanced degrees they have achieved or the â€Å"veteran status† they have obtained (meaning years of experience). Instead we need to redirect our focus in the direction of under what teachers have students learned the most knowledge and how well they learned. Other statistics show that 38% of the state tax revenues fund education (25% K-12, 13% higher education). States are obviously one of the main funders of primary and secondary schools available. Inside of these schools, 50 million students are learning and gaining knowledge. Research conducted by the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities states that, â€Å"One-fourth of state spending on average, or about $280 billion, goes toward public education. The federal government provides only about 10 percent of public school revenues† (Center on Budget and Policy Priorities 2015). Any citizen can read that number and think there must be a way to cut down on such intense government spending, the key is finding how do enhance the quality of teachers while also continuing to control the teacher to student ratio. Why Educational Budget Cuts Are a Bad Idea In Alabama alone, we have made a per-pupil cut of 17.8% since 2008. Madison Underwood writes in his article titled, Alabama’s cuts to K-12 education since 2008 are second highest in the nation, study finds Underwood claims, â€Å"When it comes to dollars spent per student, Alabama is spending $1,128 less per student in fiscal year 2015 than it was in 2008 thats the largest deficit in per-student spending in the nation, according to CBPP (Center on Budget and Policy Priorities)† (Underwood 2014). There have been multiple nonprofit organizations set up to help with the budget cuts because it is becoming an ongoing problem. The Alabama-based Arise Citizens Policy Project, a nonprofit with the goal of helping low income Alabamians that are suffering from the poor decisions of our state policy makers. This group of individuals feels as though the cuts that have been applied to education are not only hurting the schools but also impacting the economy presently and also in th e future. Teach For America is another nonprofit that has the goal of bringing in qualified teachers to low income communities that are in need of assistance. Underwood was able to speak to ACPP executive director, Kimble Forrister to find out that she feels â€Å"underfunding education today will leave our state with fewer highly skilled workers tomorrow. We cant strengthen Alabamas economy by eroding our foundation for economic growth† (Underwood 2014). Most states are facing cuts that are far worse then they were experiencing during the 2008 recession. Since many states did not have time to recuperate from the backlash of the recession, it has only made things much worse. Gabriel Thompson writes a compelling article titles A Thousand Cuts. In this article Thompson explains the challenges that have been brought to Navy Airbase, outside Lemoore, California through the budget cuts that have recently taken place. After reading this article, it goes back to letting students just slip between the cracks. These students have parents that are being deployed to fight for the country they live in but these men and women can’t even be certain that their children will be getting an adequate education because of the cuts the government are initiating at these schools. Thompson met with principle Heiko Sweeney of one of the schools in the district. In their meeting, Thompson asked what he thought would happen if the cuts became even more permanent and his answer was, â€Å" I wouldn’t even want to think what could happen, it would bedevastating. Cutting the teachers at Akers woould also result in a reduction in the number of adults available to help students deal with nonacademic challenges, such as the deployment of their parents. Some of these kids go through a lot of stress. When a parent is deployed, its not uncommon for a student to try to take over to many responsibilities at home to fill in as a missing parent to a younger brother or sister, it can start to be a lot on these children† (Thompson 2013). Michael Leachman and Chris Mai are the authors of Most States Funding Schools Less Than Before the Recession, put out by the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. In this article they go into great detail about educational budget cuts prior to the recession and post-recession. The decline in state investment in educational systems has reason to cause a significant concern. While we are a nation focused on producing workers that are applicable to new technologies and skills necessary to do jobs having to do with the global economy, these budget cuts are only going to make it harder for citizens and children to gain the education they need to reach these levels. Restoring the funding made available to these schools should be extremely high on government officials list of priorities. Evaluation of the two sides: These arguments both have valid points and reasoning when defending why we should or should not be in favor of educational budget cuts. Supporting the cuts could force districts to find high quality teachers that aren’t paid based on how much school they have attended or years they have taught but more on how well their students learn and preform under their guidance. Another tactic that teachers are experimenting with is called â€Å"flipping classrooms†. In this practice, teachers flip time spent in the classroom and time for homework. What this means is that students are sent home with lectures from their teachers to learn and grasp a concept at home. When they return to school, they use the time that would have been spent on the lecture doing the homework together. This tightens the gap on the disconnect between the teachers and students that go home and don’t understand their homework, and also makes it easier for teachers to see what students are truly stru ggling and what students understand the concepts being taught.078 However, I do believe that the argument of not supporting the continuous cuts to our education reigns superior. City Schools alone were forced to cut $1.2 million from their budget just last year. This will not allow City Schools to purchase new textbooks for new students, nor will it allow them to replace textbooks that are out of date. The district is growing rapidly with High School projected to be the largest high school in the state of Alabama within the next ten years. With public school districts exploding with new students all over the country it is necessary that they are continued to be allocated with sufficient budgets to cover the public education of these children. Conclusion Having a stance in favor of the K-12 educational budget cuts is only hurting the future of our country. Although there is a large sum of money allocated in the direction of education in our country, it is forgotten just how important it is for the younger generations that will eventually be the young leaders of the free world. Public administrators need to make it their top priority to get these funds back on track. When these cuts happen at the state level, it means that the school districts then have to begin to figure out how they are going to raise more local tax revenue so that they don’t have to back track on the high quality educational services they are providing. Levy’s should be prepared for citizens of cities and towns to vote on these issues in their local elections to ensure that everyone is having a fair say in what money is or is not going into their local education system. The primary and secondary education in this country and considerably important, an d I know that we can all agree on that. References Flipping Classrooms. Phi Delta Kappan 93.4 (2011): 6-7. Web. Freking, Kevin. Bill Gates: Education Budget Cuts Dont Have To Hurt Learning. Huffington Post [Washington] 28 Feb. 2011: n. pag. Print. Hubbell, Annie. Auburn City Schools Cut $1.2 Million in 2014 Budget. Toledo News Now 17 Feb. 2014: n. pag. Print. Leachman, Michael, and Chris Mai. Most States Funding Schools Less Than Before the Recession. Center on Budget and Policy Priority (2014): n. pag. Ebscohost. Web. 19 May 2015. Policy Basics: Where Do Our State Tax Dollars Go. Center on Budget and Policy Priorities (2015): n. pag. Ebscohost. Web. Thompson, Gabriel. A Thousand Cuts. The Nation 13 May 2013: 20-24. Print. Underwood, Madison. Alabamas Cuts to K-12 Education since 2008 Are Second Highest in the Nation, Study Finds. Al.com 16 Oct. 2014: n. pag. Print.